{"id":2421,"date":"2023-11-01T13:45:04","date_gmt":"2023-11-01T10:45:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/viosimotita\/9-viomixania-lainotomia-ypodomes\/"},"modified":"2024-01-11T14:49:26","modified_gmt":"2024-01-11T11:49:26","slug":"industry-innovation-and-infrastructure","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/en\/sustainability\/industry-innovation-and-infrastructure\/","title":{"rendered":"INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><div id=\"tdi_1\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_2  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_2,\r\n                .tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_2,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_2:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_2:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_4  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - 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generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.td_block_text_with_title{\r\n                  margin-bottom: 44px;\r\n                  -webkit-transform: translateZ(0);\r\n                  transform: translateZ(0);\r\n                }.td_block_text_with_title p:last-child{\r\n                  margin-bottom: 0;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><h2 class=\"td-block-title\"><span class=\"td-pulldown-size\">INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE<\/span><\/h2><\/div><div class=\"td_mod_wrap td-fix-index\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>[vc_column_text]\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2376 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/01\/goal-logo-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"211\" height=\"211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/01\/goal-logo-5.jpg 466w, https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/01\/goal-logo-5-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/01\/goal-logo-5-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 211px) 100vw, 211px\" \/>Inclusive and sustainable industrialization, together with\u00a0innovation and infrastructure, can unleash dynamic and competitive economic forces that generate employment and income. They play a key role in introducing and promoting new technologies, facilitating international trade and enabling the efficient use of resources.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">However, the world still has a long way to go to fully tap this potential. Least developed countries, in particular, need to accelerate the development of their manufacturing sector if they are to meet the 2030 target, and scale up investment in scientific research and innovation.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Global manufacturing growth has been steadily declining, even before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic is\u00a0hitting manufacturing industries\u00a0hard and causing disruptions in global value chains and the supply of products.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Innovation and technological progress are key to finding lasting solutions to both economic and environmental challenges, such as increased resource and energy-efficiency. Globally,\u00a0investment in research and development\u00a0(R&amp;D) as a proportion of GDP increased from 1.5 per cent in 2000 to 1.7 per cent in 2015 and remained almost unchanged in 2017, but was only less than 1 per cent\u00a0 in developing regions.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">In terms of communications infrastructure, more than half of the world\u2019s population is now online and almost the entire world population lives in an area covered by a mobile network. It is estimated that in 2019,\u00a096.5 per cent were covered by at least a 2G network.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The corona virus pandemic has revealed the urgent\u00a0need for resilient infrastructure. The Asian Development Bank notes that critical infrastructure in the region remains far from adequate in many countries, despite the rapid economic growth and development the region has experienced over the past decade. The\u00a0Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific\u00a0highlights that making infrastructure\u00a0resilient to disasters and climate change will require an additional investment of $434 billion per year. This sum may need to be even greater in some subregions, such as the Pacific small island developing states.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Facts and Figures<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The manufacturing industry\u2019s recovery from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic remains incomplete and uneven. Global manufacturing growth slowed down to 3.3 per cent in 2022, from 7.4 per cent in 2021. Progress in least developed countries (LDCs) is far from sufficient to reach the target of doubling the manufacturing share in gross domestic product (GDP) by 2030. However, medium-high- and high-technology industries demonstrated robust growth rates.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">As of 2022, 95 per cent of the world\u2019s population was within reach of a mobile broadband network, but some areas remain underserved.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from energy combustion and industrial processes grew by 0.9 per cent to a new all-time high of 36.8 billion metric tons, well below global GDP growth, reverting to a decade- long trend of decoupling emissions and economic growth.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">To achieve Goal 9 by 2030, it is essential to support LDCs, invest in advanced technologies, lower carbon emissions and increase mobile broadband access.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The share of manufacturing employment in total employment continued to decline worldwide, falling from 14.3% in 2015 to 13.6% in 2021.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">As of 2022, 95% of the world\u2019s population was within reach of a mobile broadband network, but some areas remain underserved.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Global expenditure on research and development (R&amp;D) as a proportion of GDP increased from 1.69% in 2015 to 1.93% in 2020. The number of researchers per million inhabitants has increased worldwide from 1,022 in 2010 and 1,160 in 2015 to 1,342 in 2020.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Targets<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><b>9.1\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure, including regional and transborder infrastructure, to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on affordable and equitable access for all<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><b>9.2\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and, by 2030, significantly raise industry\u2019s share of employment and gross domestic product, in line with national circumstances, and double its share in least developed countries<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><b>9.3\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Increase the access of small-scale industrial and other enterprises, in particular in developing countries, to financial services, including affordable credit, and their integration into value chains and markets<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><b>9.4\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">By 2030, upgrade infrastructure and retrofit industries to make them sustainable, with increased resource-use efficiency and greater adoption of clean and environmentally sound technologies and industrial processes, with all countries taking action in accordance with their respective capabilities<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><b>9.5\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries, including, by 2030, encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the number of research and development workers per 1 million people and public and private research and development spending<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><b>9.A\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Facilitate sustainable and resilient infrastructure development in developing countries through enhanced financial, technological and technical support to African countries, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing States 18<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><b>9.B\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Support domestic technology development, research and innovation in developing countries, including by ensuring a conducive policy environment for, inter alia, industrial diversification and value addition to commodities<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><b>9.C\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #222222;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Significantly increase access to information and communications technology and strive to provide universal and affordable access to the Internet in least developed countries by 2020<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><b><span style=\"color: #4d4d4d;\"><span style=\"font-family: Roboto, serif;\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Source: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><u><a href=\"https:\/\/unstats.un.org\/sdgs\/report\/2023\/?_gl=1*fx02od*_ga*MTIyNTYxNTI5NS4xNzAwMDQyNjU5*_ga_TK9BQL5X7Z*MTcwMDA0Mjc1Ny4xLjEuMTcwMDA0NDEyOS4wLjAuMA..\"><span style=\"font-family: Roboto, serif;\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><b>The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2023<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/u><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE[vc_column_text] Inclusive and sustainable industrialization, together with\u00a0innovation and infrastructure, can unleash dynamic and competitive economic forces that generate employment and income. They play a key role in introducing and promoting new technologies, facilitating international trade and enabling the efficient use of resources. However, the world still has a long way to go","protected":false},"author":12200,"featured_media":0,"parent":2355,"menu_order":9,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2421","page","type-page","status-publish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12200"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2421"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2421\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2422,"href":"https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2421\/revisions\/2422"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2355"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cityofgastronomy.thessaloniki.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}